rougail/docs/variable.rst

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The variables
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==============
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Synopsis
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---------
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.. glossary::
variable
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A variable is an abstract black box (container) paired with an associated symbolic name, most often an option configuration, hich contains some defined or undefined data setting referred to as a :term:`value`.
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value
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A value is a variable's setting.
Variable can have a default value, that is a setting defined in the :term:`structure file`,
or no value at all, then the value needs to be define later by the :term:`operator`.
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.. discussion:: Discussion
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The variable is, by definition, strongly typed.
Rougail uses static type definition and even type inference.
Indeed, the constistency handling system heavyly relies on the type system definition.
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Variables may only be able to store a specified data type.
OK, variables are the containers for storing the values. It has something to do with typing.
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But consitency handling system is is not just about strong typing. It is more than that.
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Names
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------
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Variable name
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Variable's associated symbolic name.
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.. seealso::
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Have a look at the :ref:`convention on variable naming link <namingconvention>`.
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Variable's types
-----------------
.. type-along:: type inference
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If the `type` parameter is not set, Rougail infers a `string` type for the `proxy_mode` configuration option variable type as defined in the structure file.
.. type-along:: integer type
If the operator sets an option value for example with the `integer` type, like this:
.. code-block:: yaml
---
example_var:
description: This is an example variable
type: integer
Then Rougail will expect a `int` as a value for the `example_var` variable.
.. type-along:: the choice type
.. glossary::
choice type
A choice type variable is a variable where the content is constrained by a list
When a variable's setting is "choice" (`type: choice`), it means that
there is a list of available values that can be selected.
Shorthand declaration
----------------------------
Shorthand declaration is a way to declare a variable in a single line. But you can only define variable name, description, multi or default value.
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.. glossary::
short-hand notation
A short-hand notation in Rougail is the ability to define a variable in
a short-hand way, there are several example:
- a default value:
.. code-block:: yaml
my_var: true
instead of:
.. code-block:: yaml
my_var:
default: true
To create a variable, just add a key with it's name and default value as value.
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Be careful not to declare any other parameters.
To declare a multi variable just add a list as default value.
By default, the description of the variable is the variable name.
If you add a comment in the same line of the name, this comment will be used has a description.
.. code-block:: yaml
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%YAML 1.2
---
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version: 1.1
my_variable: 1 # This is a great integer variable
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my_multi_variable: # This is a great multi string variable
- value1
- value2
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...
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Parameters
-------------
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.. list-table::
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:widths: 15 45
:header-rows: 1
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* - Parameter
- Comments
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* - **description**
`string`
- Description of the variable.
User information to understand the usefulness of the variable.
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`description parameter <tutorial/preliminary>`
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* - **help**
`string`
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- Additional help associated with the variable.
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.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`help parameter <tutorial/examples>`
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* - **mode**
`string`
- Variable's mode.
The mode is a way of classifying the importance, the level of expertise required, or the access rights to a variable.
This parameter allows you to define the variable mode.
.. attention:: Mode is not configured by default. You have to define mode level before use this parameter.
**Default value**: The `default` mode of a variable is the mode of the parent family, but there is special cases:
- a variable with an automatically modified value or an automatic read-only variable is by default in the smaller mode
- if the variable is not in a family, the variable will have a medium mode by default
- a :term:`mandatory` variable without default value (calculate or not) will have the smaller mode
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`mode parameter <tutorial/mode>`
* - **tags**
`list of strings`
- A tag allows you to specialize a variable.
A tag can have several functions:
- Additional information in the documentation
- Variable exclusion
- Variable selection
- and so on
* - **examples**
`list`
- List of examples to illustrate possible values for a variable
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`examples parameter <tutorial/examples>`
* - **test**
`list`
- The `test` parameter is a special parameter that allows :term:`structure file` designers to influence a test robot by specifying useful values to test.
Concretely, the content of this parameter is recorded in the `information` parameter of the corresponding `Tiramisu` option object.
* - **type**
`string`
- Type of the variable.
See the list of available type below.
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`type parameter <tutorial/types>`
* - **params**
`object`
- Parameters to adjust type validation of the variable.
See the list of available parameters for each type below.
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`params parameter <tutorial/types>`
* - **multi**
`boolean`
- The value of the variable is a list.
**Default value**: mostly `false, but there is special cases:
- the default value is a list
- a variable with a variable :term:`multiple <multi>` has default value
It possible to adjust multi parameters with **params**:
- multi_length: number of expected values for a multiple variable
- multi_min_length: maximum number of expected values for a multiple variable
- multi_max_length: minimum number of expected values for a minimum variable
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.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`multi parameter <tutorial/multiple>`
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* - **validators**
`list`
- Value validators.
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The value of the variable will be considered invalid if the Jinja template return an error.
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`validators parameter <tutorial/validators>`
* - **default**
- Default value(s) of the variable.
This value is typed, you must correctly fill out the YAML file to avoid defining a value with an incorrect type. For example, a `integer` must be a digit type, a :term:`multiple <multi>` variable must be a `list` type, ...
For a non :term:`leading` :term:`multiple <multi>` variable, the first value defined in the list will also be the default value proposed if a new value is added to this variable.
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`default parameter <tutorial/preliminary>`
* - **secret_manager**
- The variable use a secret manager to get value
.. FIXME:: document it
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* - **auto_save**
`boolean`
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- Variable with automatically modified value.
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A variable with automatically modified value is a variable whose value will be considered as *modified* (that is, it is no longer the variable's default value).
For example, if the value of this variable comes from a calculation, the value will no longer be recalculated.
These variables are usually :term:`required` variables. In fact, these variables are only automatically modified if they have a value.
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**Default value**: `false`
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.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`auto_save parameter <tutorial/autosave>`
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* - **mandatory**
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`boolean` or :term:`calculation`
- Mandatory variable.
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Variable whose value is `required`.
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For a :term:`multiple <multi>` variable, this means that the list shall not be empty (means `null` (`None`) or empty list for a i:term:`multiple <multi>`).
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**Default value**: `true`
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.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`mandatory parameter <tutorial/nullable>`
* - **empty**
`boolean` or :term:`calculation`
- The value `null` (`None`) is not allowed in :term:`multiple <multi>` variable.
The `mandatory` control only if the length :term:`multiple <multi>` variable is not 0. But the `null` value is not allowed. With empty parameter we can allowed it.
If `null` is an appropriate value, set empty: false.
**Default value**: `true`
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* - **unique**
`boolean`
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- The :term:`multiple <multi>` variable accepts the same value several times.
If unique is set to `false`, a :term:`multiple <multi>` variable only accepts the same value once in the list.
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**Default value**: `false`
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* - **hidden**
`boolean` or :term:`calculation`
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- Invisible variable.
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Enables us to *hide* a variable.
This means that the variable will no longer be visible in `read-write` mode, but only for calculations or in `read-only` mode.
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When a variable is made invisible, the user will not be able to modify its value; if he has already succeeded in modifying it, this value will not be taken into account.
**Default value**: `false`
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.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`hidden parameter <tutorial/properties>` (the tutorial focuses on family, but the principle is the same for a variable)
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* - **disabled**
`boolean` or :term:`calculation`
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- Disabled variable.
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Allows us to *deactivate* a variable.
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This means that the variable will no longer be visible to the user but also to a :term:`calculation`.
**Default value**: `false`.
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**Default value**: `false`
.. seealso:: tutorial with a real world sample :ref:`disabled parameter <tutorial/properties>` (the tutorial focuses on family, but the principle is the same for a variable)
* - **frozen**
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`boolean` or :term:`calculation`
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- Read only variable.
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Enables us to have an immutable variable.
This means that the variable will be visible but user will not allowed to change the value.
**Default value**: `false`
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* - **redefine**
`boolean`
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- It is possible to define a variable in one :term:`structure file` and change its behavior in a second :term:`structure file`. In this case you must explicitly redefine the variable.
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**Default value**: `false`
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* - **exists**
`boolean`
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- This parameter does two things:
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- creates a variable if it does not exist in another :term:`structure file` (otherwise do nothing), in this case the value of the parameter must be `true`
- in conjunction with the `redefine` parameter set to `true`, only modifies the behavior if it is pre-existing, in which case the parameter's value must be `false`.
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**Default value**: `null`
Variables type list
--------------------
A variable **always has a type**. The system is **strongly** typed.
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Depending on the definition of the variable type, the defined variable will accept values of the associated type.
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.. list-table::
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:widths: 15 25 20 15
:header-rows: 1
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* - Value
- Comments
- Parameters
- Samples
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* - string
- character string (default type)
-
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- test
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"1"
"true"
* - integer
- a integer
- `min_integer`: minimum integer allowed
`max_integer`: maximum integer allowed
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- 1
* - float
- a floating number
-
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- 1.2
* - boolean
- A boolean, if no value is defined the default value of this variable will be `true`, the variable will also be :term:`mandatory` by default
-
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- `true`
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`false`
* - secret
- a secret (like a password, a private key, etc.)
-
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- `hO_'hi`
* - mail
- a mail address
-
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- test@rougail.example
* - unix_filename
- a file name in the Unix meaning
-
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- :file:`/etc/passwd`
* - date
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- a date in the format `%Y-%m-%d`
-
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- `2021-01-30`
* - unix_user
- a user in the Unix meaning
-
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- test
* - ip
- any kind of IPv4 address
- `private_only`: only private IPs (`false` by default)
`allow_reserved`: allows reserved IPs (`true` by default)
- `1.2.3.4`
* - cidr
- any IPv4 address in the CIDR format
- `private_only`: only private IPs (`false` by default)
`allow_reserved`: allows reserved IPs (`false` by default)
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- `1.2.3.4/24`
* - netmask
- mask of an IPv4 address
-
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- `255.255.255.0`
* - network
- network address
-
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- `192.168.1.0`
* - network_cidr
- network address in CIDR format
-
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- `192.168.1.0/24`
* - broadcast
- broadcast address
-
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- `255.255.255.255`
* - netbios
- netbios name
-
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- machine
* - domainname
- domain name
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- `allow_ip`: allows an IP rather than a domain name (`false` by default)
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`allow_cidr_network`: allows a CIDR type network address (`false` by default)
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`allow_without_dot`: allows names without a dot (`false` by default)
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`allow_startswith_dot`: allows starting with a point (`false` by default)
- `rougail.example`
* - hostname
- host name
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- `allow_ip`: allows an IP rather than a domain name (`false` by default)
- machine
* - web_address
- web address
- `allow_ip`: allows an IP rather than a domain name (`false` by default)
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`allow_without_dot`: allows names without a dot (`true` by default)
- http://rougail.example
* - port
- port
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- `allow_range`: allows a port range, for example 80:85 (`false` by default)
`allow_zero`: allows port 0 (false by default)
`allow_wellknown`: allows ports from 1 to 1023 (`true` by default)
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`allow_registred`: allows ports from 1024 to 49151 (`true` by default)
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`allow_private`: allows ports greater than 49152 (`true` by default)
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`allow_protocol`: allows the addition of the protocol, for example tcp:80 (`false` by default)
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- 8080
* - mac
- MAC address
-
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- 11:11:11:11:11:11
* - unix_permissions
- access rights to the file, directory, etc.
-
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- 644
* - choice
- choice variable
-
-